Condenser



192s. 1684,227 E. A. JOHNSEN CONDENSER 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Jan. 6,192'? MN m N Mm INIVENTOR 1 Ez'aarAJbizm'cw Sept. 11, 1928.

E. A. JOHNSEN v CONDENSER 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Sept 11,1928. 1,684,227 E. A.JOHNSEN CONDENSER Filed Jan. 6, 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Sept. 11,1928.

UNITED STATES FATE EINAR'A. J'OHNSEN, OF MOUNTAINLAKES, NEW JERR JEY,ASSIGNOR TO ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT COMPANY, OF'NEW BRUNSVV IGK, -rl'EW'JERSEYQA CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

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Application filed January 6, 1927. Serial No. 159,274.

My present invention relates to a condenser and more particularly to asurface condenser. The condenser in which my invention is incorporatedis what may be termed a multi singlepass-condenser. that is a condenserhaving a plurality of banks of tubes and con structed to provide for aflow of independent circulatingmediums in opposite directions throughadjacently placed banks or" tubes. The invention also makes provisionfor devices self contained in a surface condenser for reversing thedirection of the flow of the circulating cooling medium through thebanks of tubes without reversing the direction of the flow of thecirculating; medium as delivered by thepumps or other means for causingthe flow thereof for the purpose of cleaning the tubes.

I am aware that single pass surface condensers have been heretoforeemployed. In this type of. surface condenser all the circulating mediumis caused to flow from one end to the other through the condenser tubeswhereby the ends of the tubes at which the circulating medium isadmitted is cooler than the ends at which the circulating medium isdischarged. This makes it necessary in this type of condenser to placethe exhaust steam inlet off center and nearer the cooling medium inletend than the outlet end of the condenser tubes. Furthermore, in thistype of condenser to provide for the requisite quantity of coolingmedium, pipe lines of relatively large diameter must be employed.

I am also aware that heretofore condenser tubes have been cleaned invarious manners, for example by the use of a sand blast, by forcingplugs through the tubes, by using metal brushes for scraping the tubes,and in various other, and similar manners. Moreover, it has also beenproposed heretofore, to reverse the direction of the flow of the coolingmedium in order to clean the condenser and the condenser tubes. Thenecessity of maintaining: the condenser tubes in acleanly condition isnodoubt self evident; The ctiiciency of a surface condenser dependsmainly on the coetlicient of heat exchange between the steam to becondensed and the circulating cooling medium. This in turn is dependentlargely upon maintaining a uniform quantity of flow of the circulatingmedium through the condenser tubes and also upon the condition, that thecleanliness of the tubes. These conditions are believed to beself-evident. it is necessary in order to maintain a desired mcuum andat the same time to operate, the pumps for the circulating medium attheir normal capacities to clean the condenser and the tubes thereofatmore or-less frequent in.- tervals. The frequency with which it isfound necessary to clean the condensers and its tubes depends uponoperating conditions. In many places the water available for c1rculatmg; purposes particularly at certain seasons of the year containsalmost all kinds of refuse, debris and other foreign substances whichclog the condenser tubes and may contam various chemical substanceswhich have In any event. in condenser practice,

a tendency to form a scale or to otherwise clog the space in the tubesand to thus affect the conditions of the tubes to the detriment of thecoelticient oi heat transfer.

'llhe reversal of the direction Cf the flow of the circulating medium ismost effective in a single pass condenser because in this type of icondenser all the refuse collected on the tube sheet or within the tubesis entirely removed from the condenser by reversing the direction of theflow of the circulating" medium. The reversal of the direction of theflow of the circulating medium in multipass con dcnsers is just asnecessary in order to main tain the same in a proper operating conditionas in the case of singlepass condensersybut the invention in the presentcase is one which relates solely to a multi single-pass condenser inwhich provision may be made for reversmg: the direction o'f'the flow ofthe circulating medium without changing the direction of the flow of thecirculatino' medium to the con-- of the condenser, and inasmuch as thecirculating medium 1s divided, pipe lines of appreciably smallercapacity may be employed for conducting the circulating medium both toand from the condenser. The pipe lines required for reversing the flowof the circulating medium through a single pass condenser ofthe ordinarytype are relatively large and must be made to include valves so thatthepiping is more or less complicated and also occupies so much space as tobe so relatively costly as to make the practice substantiallyprohibitive. In the present invention devices are ei'nployed in thecondenser, referably in the water boxes,making the same self contained.whereby the direction of the flow of the circulating medium may bereversed in order to clean the tubes without the use of valves in thepipe lines, without the necessity of dismantling the condenser, andwithout changing the direction of the flow of the circulating medium asthe same is delivered by the pumps or other devices for causing thecirculating medium to flow.

Moreover, in carrying out the present invention the condenser made inaccordance therewith is also preferably fitted with a baffle plate fordeflecting relatively more of the incoming exhaust steam to the coolerend or ends of the banks of tubes, that is the end or ends at which thecirculating medium is admitted to the tubes than is deflected to thewarmer end or ends of the tubes or the ends at which the circulatingmedium leaves the tubes. Still furthermore, it will be apparent that theinvention may be applied to a vertical as well as to a horizontalcondenser and in any construction the direction of the flow of thecirculating medium may be reversed at predetermined intervals and for asufficient space of time to maintain the condenser tubes I reducedscale.

till

r Fig. 3 is a section on line 3*3, Fig. 1 on an enlarged scale.

F g. 4 18 a plan showing another form of the invention, and

made with an opening 19 preferably at the pump or other discharge forthe condensate.

In the customary manner also, there are banks of tubes 23 extendingthrough the condenser shell and at their ends secured in any desiredmanner in thetube plates ofthe condenser. Furthermore, the banks oftubes may be arranged in any suitable layout.

In this form of-the invention the condenser tubes 23 are so spaced andthe water boxes provlded with partition walls as to make the condenserin reality a double one pass unit,

that is a unit in which there are two single pass arrangements for thecirculating medium and in which normally the circulating medium flows inopposite directions. To this end the water box 16 as indicated in Fig. 3is provided with a transverse partition wall 24. As illustrated, thispartition wall is in a vertically disposed position, but as will beunderstood the arrangement may be such that the partition wall assumesany necessary position in the water box. The inlet connection of thiswater 130x16 at the A end of the condenser is indicated at 25. Thisinlet con nection 25 is fitted with a valve 26. As illustrated, thisvalve 26 may be called a flap valve. The valve 26 is mounted on a shaft27 which is journaled in the water box, passes through one side thereofand also through the cover 18 and exteriorly thereof is fitted with agear or a hand wheel by means of which the shaft may be turned to placethe valve in any desired position. .In the position as indicated in Fig.3, the peripheral portion of the valve bears against a valve seat 29provided therefor by a rib 30 on the interior ofthe inlet connection. Inan oppositely disposed position in this inlet connection thereis a valveseat 31 in a rib 32 on the inner side of the inlet connection 25. v

Preferably in an oppositely disposed position the water box 16 isprovided With'a discharge nozzle or connection 33 for the circulatingmedium. In this discharge nozzle or adjacent thereto there is a valve34. This valve is also illustrated as a flap "alive and is mountedtoswing on a shaft 35. The peripheral portion of the valve is adapted tobear against a seat 36 provided therefor by j the flanged head 37 of thepartition Wall 24 or otherwise. The shaft 35is journaled in the walls ofthe water box, passes through.

the water box cover and exteriorly thereof is fitted with a gear or handwheel by which the shaft may be turned to determine the position of thevalve 34. In a similar but oppositely disposed position in the dischargenozzle 33 or adjacent thereto there is a valve 39. This valve 39 ismounted on a shaft 40 and adapted in one position to hear at itsperipheral portion against a seat 41 also provided by the flanged head87 of the partition wall 2 The shaft 40 is journaled in the walls of thewater box, passes through the cover therefor, and exteriorl-y thereof isprovided with a gear or hand wheel l2 by which the shaft may be turnedto determine the position of the valve 89.

At the opposite or B end of the condenser the water box 15 is providedwith an intake connection 43 similar to the intake connection 25 and inwhich there is mounted a valve similar in all respects to the valve 26.vThe shaft on which this valve is mounted passes through the cover 17 ofthe water box 15 and exteriorly thereof is fitted with a gear or handwheel 45 by which the position of this valve may be determined.

The water box 15 at the B end of the condenser is also provided with anoutlet connection or nozzle 46 similar to the outlet connection 33.Inthis outlet connection 46 there is a valve 17 which corresponds to thevalve 34L. The shaft on which this valve is mounted passes through thecover of the water box and exteriorly thereof is fitted with a gear orhand wheel 48' by means of which the position of the valveis'determined. In like manner in the discharge connection 46 or adjacentthe same there is a valve a9 which corresponds to the valve 39. Theshaft on which th1s valve .is mounted extends through the cover of theillustrated. As is shown in Fig. 2, 51 represents a portion of a supplyline for a cooling medium. This supply line is connected to any suitablesource of supply and may be provided with abranch 52 leading to thesuction end of a centrifugal or other pump 53 driven by a motor 54. Thedischarge end of the pump is connected by a pipe line 55-to one side ofa valve 56, and the other side of the valve 56 is connected by a pipeline 57 to the intake connection 25 of the water" box 16 at the A end ofthe condenser. The discharge connec- 83 of this water box is connectedby an elbow 58 or otherwise and a branch pipe 59 to a discharge pipeline 60 which may lead to a cooling tower or other apparatus. In likemanner, 61 represents a portion of a supply line for a cooling medium.This is fitted with a branch 62 leading to the suction end ofa'centrifugal or other pump 63 driven by a motor 64.. The discharge endof the pump 63 is connected by a pipe 65 to one side of a valve 66,

and the other side of the valve 66is connected by a suitable pipe line67 to the inlet connection 48 of the water box'15 at the B end of thecondenser. The discharge connection 46 of this water box is connected byan elbow 68 or otherwise and a branch pipe 69 to a section 70 of thedischar e pipe line for the circulating medium.

In this type of apparatus it is preferable or otherwise in a doublecurved form as in dicated at 'Z 2 and 73 so as to deflect the incomingsteam as hereinbefore stated.

It will be understood that the baffle 71 func tions to direct thegreater portion of the in-- coming'exhaust steam to the-cooler ends ofthe condenser tubes during the normal operation of. the apparatus-whenthe flow of the cooling medium through the tubes is in a predetermineddirection as'indicated by the arrows in Figure 1 of the drawings, andthat the intervals when the cooling medium is caused to flow inthe-opposite direction for the pur pose of cleaning thetubes arerelatively short so that when the direction of the flow of the coolingmedium is reversed the reversal ofthe state-d function of the baffle.plate will not materially' aliiectthe operation of the condenser. I

In the normal use of this apparatus both pumpsare operated andthe valve26 in the inlet connection 25 is set in a position shown in Fig. 8,while the valves in. the, outlet-connection 38 are also set in theposition as illustrated in this figure of the drawing. The correspondingvalves at the opposite or B end of the condenser are set in positionsoppositely disposed to those illustrated in Fig. 3. the valves thus setthe circulating medium passingthrough the pump passes through thevalve56 to the inlet connection 25, and thence is directed to the bank oftubes 0, passing therethrough from-the Ato the B end of the condenser,and thence passing. through the outlet connection .6to the dis; char eline 70. T he circulating medium passing throughthepump passes throughthe valve 66 and pipe line 67 to the inlet connection t?) of condenser,thence this circulating medium is directed to the banks of tubes D andpasses through the same from the B to the A. end of the condenser, andthence through the lischarge connection 33 and the pipe line 59 to thedischarge line 60. It will now be readily apparent that by reversing thepositions of the valves the directionof the flow of the cirlVith I thewater box at the B end of the 7 use of the pump 53 the valve in theinlet conculating medium may be reversed, that is to say by reversingthe positions of these valves the circulating medium from the pump 53will be directed to pass in the opposite direct-ion through the bank oftubes D and the circulating medium from the pump 63to pass in theopposite direction through the bank of tubes G, and that this isefiected without the reversal of the pumps.

In some instances, for example in certain latitudes, or at certaintimes, or incold weather, it may be necessary to employ but one pump. Insuch an event, either of the pumps may be employed in the structure asillustrated, and the direction of the flow of the water through thecondenser will depend upon the pump which is in service. One pumpcausing the circulating medium to pass in one direction through thecondenser tubes and the other pump causing thecirculating medium to passin the other direction through the condenser tubes, whereby to effect areversal of the flow of the circulating medium it is only necessary toshut down one pump and operate the other, for example in the nection 25is placed in a central or neutral position and the valves in the outletconnection 33 are both closed, whereas the valves in the outlet ordischarge connection 46 are both open, and it is immaterial in whatposition-the valve in the inlet connection 43 may be placed,but as willbe understood the valve 66 must be closed. With this arrangement all thecirculating medium will pass in the same direction through both banks oftubes, that is will flow from the A to the B end of the condenser; Toreverse the direction of the flow the pump 53 is shut down, the valve 56closed, the pump 63 operated and the valve 66 opened. In this event, thevalve in the inlet connection 43 is placed in aceentral or neutralposition, the valves in the outlet connection 46 are both closed, andthe valves in the outlet connection 33 are both opened, it beingimmaterial in what position the valve in the inlet connection 25 may beplaced In this arrangement allthe circulating medium will pass throughboth banks of tubes from the B to the A end ofthe condenser and will bedischarged through the outlet connection In some installations,particularly Where relatively small condenser units are sufficient fortaking care of the exhaust steam, it is quite customary to employ asingle circulating'pump, and as illustrated in Figs. 4: and 5 of thedrawing an apparatus of this type is shown in which the presentinvention is incorporated. In this apparatus a circulating pump isindicated at 74. This may be driven by a motor 75. The discharge endotthe circulating pump is connected to a pipe line 76 having twobranches 77 and 78. The pipe line 77 leads and is connected to the ofthe condenser shell.

inlet connection 79 of. a water box 80 at one end of a condenser shell,and the pipe line 78 leads and is connected to the inlet connection'8lof a water box 82 at the opposite end The discharge connection 83 of thewater box 82 is connected to a discharge line 84. Similarly the displyand that the discharge lines 84 and 86 may be connected separately ortogether to a cooling. tower or the circulating water may he 'disposedofin any suitable manner.

In the inlet connection 81 of the water box 82 I provide a valve 87.This is preferably a flap valve and is mounted on a shaft 88 journaledin bearings provided'theretor in the walls of the water box and adaptedin one extreme position to bear atits peripheral portion against a valveseat 89'and in its other extreme position to hear at its peripheralportion against a valve seat. 90, these valve seats being provided bysuitable ribs or otherwisei'ormed for this purposein the inletconnection. The shaft 88 extends through the cover employed with. thewater box and exteriorly thereof may be fitted with any suitable devicefor turning the shaft to 1shift and determinethe position of the va ve.

In or adjacentto the discharge connection of the water box821 alsoemploy a valve. As indicated this is an angular valve having parts 91and 92 formed at an angle to each other? This'valve is mounted on ashaft 93 which ,is journaled in bearings provided therefor in the wallsof the water box and thepart 92 of the valve is adapted at itsperipheral portion tobear a ainst a valve seat 94k formed in the wallsof t is water boxwhen the valve is in one extreme position, and when thevalve is in the other extreme position the portions of the partitionWall as to form substantially water tight joints.

In the water box 80 at the opposite'end of the condenser there is a:valve in the inlet connection 79 corresponding to the valve 87 in theinlet connection 81,. and furthermore in the outlet connection 85 of thewater box 80 there is a valve similar in all respects. to the angularvalve having the parts 91 and 92, as hereinbefore described, in theoutlet connection 83 of the water box 82.

It will be understood. t-hat'the condenser shell is provided with tubesconnected at their ends in and extending bet-ween the tube plates placedbetween the water boxes and the ends of the condenser shell, and thatthe par tition wall 96 in the water box 82- so far as the flow of thecirculating medium is concerned divides these tubes into two banks asindicated at F and E. In the use of this apparatus the water from thecirculating pump is delivered to the inlet connections 7 9 and 81 of thewater boxes. In the normal operation of the apparatus the valve 87 andthe parts 91 and 92 of the angular valve are set in positions asindicated in Fig. 5, The corresponding valves at the other end of thecondenser are placed in oppositely disposed positions. Consequently thecirculating medium passing from the pump to and through the inletconnection 81 flows to the right hand compartment of the water box 82 asindicated in Fig. 5, and through the banks of tubes E from the G to theH end of the condenser, and thence to the outlet connection 85 and tothe discharge line 86, whereas the circulating medium passing throughthe line 77 enters the inlet connection 79 of the water box 80 and tothe tubes F passing through the same in the opposite direction, that isfrom the II to the G end of the condenser, and thence to the left handcompartment in the water box 82 as viewed in Fig. 5 and to the outletconnection 83 through the discharge line Set. It will be apparent thatto eiiect a reversal of the direction of the flow of the circulatingmedium the valves in the inlet and discharge connections of the waterboxes must be placed in the positions opposite to that hereinbetoredescribed in other words, the flap valve 87 is then placed in theposition indicated at 97 in dotted lines and the angle valve with theparts 91 and 92 thereof as indicated in the position shown in dottedlines at 98, the valves at the other end of the condenser must also bereversed, and with all these valves in their reversed positions thecirculating medium entering the inlet connection 82 will obviouslyj flowthrough the bank of tubesF from the G to the H end of the condenser andbe discharged at the H end thereof, whereas thecirculating mediumpassing to the inlet connection 79 will flow through the bank of tubes Efrom the H to the G end of the condenser and be delivered at the G endthereof.

It is also preferable in this form of apparatus to employ a baffle plateas indicated at 99 and having oppositely disposed and curved portions100 and 101 for directing the greater portion of the incoming exhauststeam to the cooler ends of the bank of tubes.

From the foregoing it will nowbe underw stood that the condenser made inaccordance with my invention preferably includes two adjacently' placedbanks ,of-tubes through whichcirculating mediums may be passed, togetherwith suitable devices for causing the circulating medium to flow undernormal conditions in opposite directions through these banks of tubes,that as illustrated,these de{ able for useasa circulating medium. Itwill furthermore be apparent that in either event the capacities of thepipe lines need be only approximately onehalf of that required-for usein a single pass condenser of ordinary construction of like capacity,that the use of valves in. the pipe lines is eliminated, with thepossible exception of course, of one valve in the discharge line fromeach pump when a multiplicity of pumps is employed, and that togetherwith theseadvantages the additional advantage of a centrally placedexhaust steam inlet is obtained. 1

I claim as my invention 1. In a surface condenser, a shell, a pluralityof tubes therein, and means in the condenser for reversing the directionof the flow of a. cooling medium through the said tubes. 7 L r '2. In asurface condenser, a shell, apl11- rality of tubes therein, and means inthe condenser for reversing the direction of the flow of a coolingmedium through the said tubes without reversing the direction of theflow of the cooling medium supply; i

3. In a surface condenser, a shell, tube plates, a plurality of tubeswithin the shell, water'boxes, and means contained in a water box forreversing the direction of flow of a cooling medium through the saidtubes.

4:, In a surface condenser, a shell, tube plates, a plurality of tubeswithin the shell,

water boxes and means contained in a water box for reversing thedirection of fiow ofa cooling medium through the said tubes withoutreversing the direction of the flow of the cooling medium supply. a i'5. In a surface condenser, a shell, tube plates, banks of tubes lyingwithin the shell and extending between the tube plates,water boxes, atransversely disposed partition wall in a water box, and meansin' thewater box having the transverse partition for reversing the direction ofthe How of a cooling medium and directing the flow of the same to apredetermined bankof said tubes.

6. In a surface condenser, a shell, tube plates, banks of tubes lyinginthe shell and extending between the said tube plates, water rection ofthe flow of a cooling medium and directing the flow of the same througha predetermined bank of tubes, and a discharge connection for the saidcooling medium. i 7. In a surface condenser, a shell, tube plates, banksof tubes lying within the shell and extending between the said tubeplates, water boxes, means in one water box for directing the flow of acooling medium to either bank oftubes, means in the other water box fordirecting theflow of the cooling medium to either bank of tubes, andmeans associated with each water box for the discharge of the coolingmedium therefrom.

8. In a surface condenser, a shell, tube plates, banks of tubeslying'within the shell and extending between the said tube plates, waterboxes, an inlet connection for each water box, a discharge connection-for each Water box, means associated with one water box for directingthe flow of a cooling medium to either bank of tubes, and means in theother Water box for directing the flow of the cooling medium to eitherbank of tubes whereby the means for directing the flow of the coolingmedium to the banks of tub-es may be set to cause the cooling mediumentering one water box to flow in one direction through one bank oftubes and to be discharged from the discharge connection of the otherwater box and the cooling medium entering the other water box to flow inthe opposite direction through the other bank of tubes and to bedischarged from the discharge connection of the first aforesaid waterbox.

9. In a surface condenser, a shell, tube plates, banks of tubes lyingwithin the shell and extending between the said tube plates, waterboxes, an inlet connection for each water box, an outlet connection foreach water box, means associated with the inlet connection of each waterbox for directing the flow of a cooling medium to either bank of tubes,and means associated with the discharge connection of each water box fordetermining the direction of the flow of the cooling medium therefromwhereby-the said means may be set in oppositely disposed positions tocause the cooling medium entering one water box to flow in one directionthrough one bank of tubes andto be discharged from the dischargeconnection of the other water box and the cooling medium entering thesaid other water box to flow in the opposite direction through theotherbank of tubes and to be discharged from the discharge connection ofthe first aforesaid water box.

10.. In a surface condenser, a shell, tube plates, banks of tubes lyingwithin the shell .and extending between thesaid tube plates,

water boxes, an inlet connection for each water box, an outletconnection for each water box, means associated with the inletconnectionof each water box for directing the flow of a cooling mediumto'eitherbank of,

tubes, and devices for changing thepositions of the said means toreverse the direction of the flow of the cooling medium through the saidbanks of tubes without reversing the direction of the How of the-coolingmedium supply.

11. In a surface condenser, a shell, tube plates, banks of tubes lyingwithin the shell and extending between the said tube plates, waterboxes, an inlet connection for each water box, anoutlet connection foreach water box, a transverse disposed partition wall in eachwater box,and means associated with the partition walls in each water box for directing'the flow of a cooling medium to,

charge connection of the other water box and to direct the flow of a"cooling medium entering the said other water box to either bank of tubesand to discharge the same from the discharge connection oiythe firstaforesaid water box.

12. In a surface condenser, a shell, tube plates, banks of tubeslyingwithin the shell and extending between'the said tube plates,

water boxes, an inlet connection for each water box, an outletconnection for each water box, a transverse disposed partition wall ineach water box, means associated with the end portions of the partitionwalls and the inlet and discharge connections of the water boxes forcausing a cooling medium entering the inlet connection of one water boxto be directed to one bank'of tubes and to be discha rged from thedischarge connection of the other water box and the cooling mediumentering the said other water box to be directed to the other bank oftubes and to be discharged from the discharge connection of the firstaforesaid water box, and devices for reversing the positions of the saidmeans for reversing the direction of thefiow of the cooling mediumthrough the said banks of tubes without reversing the direction of theflow V each water box, valves each associated with one end of apartition wall and operative in the inlet connection of thecorresponding water box, and other valves each associated with theopposite end of a partition wall andoperative in'the dischargeconnection of the cor- V responding water box, whereby :the :said valvesmay be set to direct the flow of acooling medium entering one waterbox'to either bank of tubes and tobe dischargedfrom the dischargeconnection of the other Water box and to direct the flow of the coolingmedium entering the said other water box to either bank of tubes causingthe same to be dis charged from the discharge connection of the firstaforesaid water box.

14. In a surface condenser, a shell, tube plates, banks of tubes lyingwithin the shell and extending between the said tube plates, waterboxes, an inlet connection for each Water box, an outlet connection foreach Water box, a transverse disposed partition wall in each water box,valves each associated with one end of a partition wall and operative inthe inlet connection of the corresponding Water box, other valves eachassociated with the opposite end of a partition wall and operative inthe discharge connection of the corresponding water box, whereby acooling medium entering one water boxmay be directed to and through onebank of tubes and discharged fi-om the discharge connection of the otherwater box and a cooling medium entering the inlet connection of the saidother water box is caused to flow in the opposite direction through theother bank of tubes and to be discharged through the dischargeconnection of the first aforesaid Water box, and means for changing thepositions ofthe said valves to reverse the direction of the flow of thecooling medium through the said banks of tubes without reversing thedirection of the flow of the cooling medium supply.

15. In a surface condenser, a shell, banks of tubes therein, a water boxat each end of the shell, means for supplying a cooling medium to bothwater boxes, and means shiftable to position in each water box wherebywhen.

placed in oppositely disposed positions in the respective Water boxesthe cooling medium supplied to one water box is caused to flow in onedirection through one bank of tubes and to be discharged from the otherWater box and the circulating medium supplied to the said other waterbox is caused to flow in the opposite direction through the other bankof tubes and to be discharged from the first aforesaid water box andwhen the said means are placed in the reversed positions the circulatingmedium is caused to flow in the opposite direction through the saidbanks of tubes.

16. In a surface condenser, banks of tubes therein, a water box at eachend of the shell, and valves shiftable to position in the inlet anddischarge ends of both Water boxes whereby when the valves are set inone position a circulating medium supplied to the inlet connection ofone Water box is caused to flow in one direct-ion through one bank oftubes and to be discharged from the other Water box and the circulatingmedium supplied. to the other Water box is caused to flow in theopposite direction through the other bank of tubes and to be dischargedfrom the first aforesaid water box and When the said valves are shiftedto opposite positions the circulating medium supplied .to the Waterboxes is caused to flow through the banks of tubes in the otherdirection.

18. In a surface condenser, a shell having an opening for the admissionof exhaust steam, tube plates, banks of tubes lying Within the shell andextending between the said tube plates, water boxes, means in one Waterbox for directing the flow of a cooling medium to either bankxof tubes,means in the other Water box for directing the flow of'the coolingmedium to either bank of tubes, discharge nozzles each associated With aWater box whereby the cooling medium admitted to one water box isdischarged through the discharge connection of the other water box, anda baf-' fle plate in the shell adjacent the said opening for theadmission of exhaust steam and adapted to direct the steam upon enteringthe shell to the cooler ends of the tubes.

19. In a surface condenser, a shell, banks of tubes therein, a water boxat each end of the shell, means for directing the circulating mediumsupplied to one water box to flow through one bank of tubes in onedirection and to be discharged from the other water box, means fordirecting the circulating medium supplied to the said otherwater box to'i'low through the other bank of tubes in the other direction and to bedischarged from the first aforesaid Water box, and a baffle plate in thesaid shell adapted to direct the greater portion of incoming exhauststeam to the cooler ends of the said banks of tubes.

Signed by me this 22nd day of December, 1926. 1

EINAR A. J OHNSEN.

